Casapro: Alternative Feed for Beef Cattle
Waste products like rice and maize bran, molasses, soybean cake, tofu waste, soysauce waste, and `onggok'
(tapioca waste) can be used as feed for beef cattle. (Fig. 1).
Onggok contains 3 mkcal/kg energy with 68-75% total digestible nutrition (TDN), but low in protein. To improve the protein content, so it could be a cheap protein source, onggok has to be fermented before feeding.
What Is Casapro?
CASAPRO is a high protein feed material made from onggok, which is fermented by using Aspergillus niger (Table 1). The potency of CASAPRO as a concentrated substance is as follows:
- Raw material is available at low prices in rural areas.
- Simple fermentation process at low cost (Table 2).
- Contains high protein and high digestibility.
- Contains several enzymes beneficial for increasing ration nutrition digestibility.
Other Casapro Materials
- Cassava shell
- Pressed palm oil cake, and oil palm pith
- Cashew nut waste
- Sago pith and sago waste
- Rice husks
- Shell of coffee and cocoa beans
Casapro Processing
First level: activating and developing fungi through activator liquid processing. (Fig. 2).
Materials
- Aspergillus niger (for fermentation process) and single cell protein.
- Molasses or white sugar as fungi energy source
- Bone powder as micronutrient source to accelerate fungi growth.
- Urea and ZA as nitrogen source and inorganic substance which will be changed into CASAPRO single cell protein.
Index of Images
Table 1 Crude Protein Content of Casapro According to Several Raw Material (% DRY Matter)
Figure 1 Beef Cattle
Figure 2 Process Flow
Table 2 Processing Cost of Casapro with Cassava Meal Material
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